How to cite a encyclopedia article in bluebook law. It was most recently revised in october of 2019 to update the links to state rules and several other external resources. This is a proposed citation style to adapt the bluebook to the unique needs of wikipedia. Example ghost in the machine fails in its explanatory task and is logically incoherent, leading to such logical evil paul edwards, ryle, gilbert the encyclopedia. Citing cases bluebook guide guides at georgetown law. In a diverse and rapidly changing legal profession, the bluebook continues to provide a systematic method by which members of the profession communicate important information to one another about the sources and legal. Legal encyclopedias are secondary sources that provide a general.
A publication that establishes the correct form of case citations or of references to a legal authority showing where information can be found. History of bluebook the development of the bluebook from its inception in 1926 as a twentysixpage pamphlet. The bluebook requires citation to printed material provided it is available, unless there is an authenticated, official, or exact digital copy of the printed sources. Encyclopedias first year legal research guide libguides at. As men of law rely upon a great number of various sources, legal citation. The citations given after the first, official cite are known as unofficial or parallel citations. For additional examples, see the basic bluebookingsecondary sources in legal documents. How to reference a encyclopedia article in bluebook law.
Always consult the bluebook for additional information. Bluebook rule 15 gives the citation format for books, reports, and other nonperiodic materials. Secondary sources bluebook citation 101 practitioner. There are many permutations of citing to legal periodicals. The precise format of a case citation depends on a number of factors, including the jurisdiction, court, and type of case.
In case of citing a book that has been edited, write ed. Bluebook citation for llm students bluebook citation for. Citation clauses are set off from the text by commas and immediately follow the proposition to which they relate. The bluebook is the most commonly used system for legal citations in the united states, especially for legal scholarship, but also with modifications by local rules in judicial opinions and party briefs this proposal covers citations to united states legal. While you generally will not cite to an alr annotation, rule 16. Chicago manual of style 16th edition full note american psychological association 6th edition. Problems, cases, and materials 2006 when you are citing to a work that has been published by the same publisher more than once, you should cite the edition and the year it was published in. However, the following are rules and examples for other types of. How to cite books basic legal citation cornell university. Dames, he was waiting to cross new jersey avenue nw outside the edward bennett williams law library at approximately 6.
The most recent edition of the bluebook prescribes adding the name of the. Do not begin a citation clause with a capital letter unless the citation clause begins with a source that would otherwise be capitalized. The basic elements when citing a legal dictionary include. Rule 15 in the bluebook explains how to properly cite a book. Bluebook citation for legal materials the bluebook style guide is used in the american legal profession for citation of all relevant sources.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment. The central function of a legal citation is to allow the reader to efficiently locate the cited source. Give the name of the author just as it appears, not surname first, as is common in other citation formats. A standard book citation consists of the following elements in order.
A bluebook guide for law students suffolk university. This page reflects the latest version of the apa publication manual i. To have your reference list or bibliography automatically made for you, try our free citation. After a case is cited whether fully or using a short form, use a form of id. The text of the opinion is the same in all sources, whether they are designated as official or unofficial.
A uniform system of citation, a style guide, prescribes the most widely used legal citation system in the united states. Book title underlined or italicized pinpoint page number if needed publication information if applicable year of publication example. For example, if you need to cite a legal record, the bluebook case citation generator takes the information you have on the legal record name of the document, abbreviated according to bluepages abbreviation table, page number where the fact you need is in the document, date of the document and turns it into the correct format for your paper. Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on the bluebooks unique system of citation in their writing.
Generally speaking, the citation should include the authors full name, the title of the book, the page cited, editors name if applicable, edition if applicable, and year of publication an example of a book citation. Using alr has become the standard for many law papers and citing them can be done with either the bluebook citation or the association of legal writing directors alwd citation. To have your reference list or bibliography automatically made for you, try our free citation generator. In law, a citation or introductory signal is a set of phrases or words used to clarify the authority or significance of a legal citation as it relates to a proposition. The equivalent resource for the older apa 6 style can be found here. Common abbreviations legal citation research guides at. Claudia catalano, annotation, unlawful access under stored communications act, 18 u. Legal materials citation help for apa, 7th edition. Secondary sources bluebook citation 101 practitioner format. American law reports alr is good resources for background, analysis, and citations about law cases, statutes, and other legal details.
Be sure to consult the bluebook for specifics in general, cite to the authors, title. Blue pages this guide covers the bluebooks white pages, which provide citation rules for academic papers. Bluepage rules are sometimes different but are always based upon the normal nonbluepage rules. Citing case law sample bluebook citations libguides at. The bluepages section located at the start of the bluebook is a miniguide to court documents andor legal memoranda. Many of the complicated variations on rules are not shown in these samples. Citing secondary sources sample bluebook citations. Bluebooking for court documents guide to legal writing. The bluebook also has citation rules for legal memoranda and other practiceoriented materials the blue. The powerful, simple search capacities of the bluebook online are a significant improvement over the printed index. For help with other source types, like books, pdfs, or websites, check out our other guides. Citations are to the 20th edition of the bluebook, a uniform system of citation. Prior to the 2015 edition, the bluebook called for the phrase available at in italics to be inserted at the.
The following samples cover basic citation format for secondary sources. Bluebook citation for legal materials purdue writing lab. Citing other resources bluebook guide georgetown law. A uniform system of citation, commonly referred to simply as the blue book.
Create your citations, reference lists and bibliographies automatically using the apa, mla, chicago, or harvard referencing styles. Secondary authorities bluebook citations libguides at. How to cite electronic sources basic legal citation. Guide to cite using bluebook citation method with examples. Additionally, the chicago manual of style recommends its use for all citation of legal material.
Each different kind of secondary source has a slightly different set of rules for citation, which will be enumerated below. It is used in citations to present authorities and indicate how those authorities relate to propositions in statements. Citing secondary sources sample bluebook citations libguides. Law school bluebook basics one of the books that all 1l law students are required to purchase is the bluebook. While you generally will not cite to a legal encyclopedia, rule b15. Citing from other secondary sources legal citation research guide. A volume that explains the organization of a state government and provides the names of state officials.
Cite to the volume, name of the source, article titlebroad topic this is not. If both, then first write editors name and then translators name. The apa manual provides explicit directions for the citation of cases, statutes, and administrative materials, but defers to the latest edition of the bluebook. Cite to the name of the sourcedictionary, page number if pinpoint citing, edition and year. Secondary sources include books, articles, encyclopedias and other nonprimary sources. Legal encyclopedias secondary sources dulaneybrowne. The bluebook, is the definitive style guide for legal citation in the united states. Your citation for this fact would approximate the following example. For generations, law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on the bluebooks unique system of citation. Internet citation bluebook citation 101 practitioner. Title of entry italicized or underlined title of dictionary italicized or underlined edition.